Use the name of the account that uploaded the video as the author. If the account did not actually create the work, explain this in the text if it is important for readers to know. However, if that would mean citing a source that appears unauthoritative, you might also look for the author’s YouTube channel, official website, or other social media to see whether the same video is available elsewhere. See APA site for more information.
Basic Format
Account that uploaded content. (Date uploaded). Title of video: Subtitle of video [Video]. Site name. URL
Reference List
PBS Eons. (2019, November 6). How we domesticated cats (twice) [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CYPJzQppANo
Galaxy, J. (2022, June 25). Do cats miss us when we leave the house? [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3GnwOCec2tY&t=55s
In Text
(PBS Eons, 2019)
(PBS Eons, 2019, 1:36) - when quoting directly
(Galaxy, 2022)
(Galaxy, 2022, 8:31-9:47) - when quoting directly
Provide the director as the author in the reference, followed by (Director). You do not need to specify the format (e.g. DVD) that you watched.
Basic Format
Lastname, F. M. (Director). (YEAR). Title of film [Film]. Production Company.
Reference List
Clements, M. (Director). (2022). Bones of crows [Film]. Ayasew Ooskana Pictures.
In Text
(Clements, 2022)
Include the writers and directors for the episode. Include the contributor’s role in parentheses after each name. Provide the season number and episode number after the title in parentheses.
Basic Format
Lastname, F. M. (Writer), Lastname, F. M. (Writer) & Lastname, F. M (Director). (Date the show first premiered). Title of show (Season Number, Episode Number) [TV Series]. In F. M Lastname (Executive Producer), Title of series. Production Company; Production Company.
Reference List
Pelecanos, G. (Writer), Simon, D. (Writer) & Dickerson, E. (Director). (2004, October 10). Hamsterdam (Season 3, Episode 4) [TV series episode]. In R. F. Colesberry (Executive Producer), The wire. Blown Deadline Productions; HBO Productions.
In-Text
(Pelecanos et al., 2004)
Provide the executive producer(s) in the author element of the reference. When there is one executive producer, use the notation (Executive Producer). When there are multiple executive producers, provide the notation once after all the producers names, (Executive Producers). Provide the year(s) during which the series aired in the date element of the reference. If the series is still airing at the time you are writing the paper, replace the second year with present: (2017–present).
Basic Format
Lastname, F. M., Lastname, F. M., & Lastname, F. M. (Executive Producers). (Years active). Title of series [TV Series]. Production Company; Production Company.
Reference List
Simon, D., Colesberry, R. F., & Kostroff Noble, N. (Executive Producers). (2002-2008).The wire [TV series]. Blown Deadline Productions; HBO Entertainment.
In Text
(Simon et al., 2002-2008).
Basic format
LastName, F. M. (Host). (Year, month, day). Episode title (episode number) [Audio podcast episode]. In Podcast Title. Podcast Publisher. URL
Reference List
Imeson, N. & Moynihan, B. (Hosts). (2023, March 26). Mount Polley tailings pond breach (No. 72) [Audio podcast episode]. In Failurology. https://podcasts.apple.com/ca/podcast/ep-72-mount-polley-tailings-pond-breach/id1538288513?i=1000605976221
In Text
(Imeson & Moynihan, 2023)
If the podcast does not number episodes, omit this from the reference.
If the URL for the podcast is unknown (e.g. accessed via an app), omit this.
If you wish to cite a podcast as a whole, rather than a specific episode, see the example on the APA website.